Revealing Room for Improvement in Accessibility within a Social Media Data Visualization Learning Community

name: titleSlide
class: middle, title-slide

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<img src="img/yellowComma.png" title="Square CSV Conf logo featuring a black comma against a yellow background" alt="Square CSV Conf logo featuring a black comma against a yellow background" width="70%" style="display: block; margin: auto;" />
csv,conf,v6
]]

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.left[
# Revealing Room for Improvement in Accessibility within a Social Media<br>Data Visualization Learning Community
]]

----

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.left[
.pull-left-equal[
### Silvia Canelón, PhD<br> @spcanelon <svg aria-hidden="true" role="img" viewBox="0 0 512 512" style="height:1em;width:1em;vertical-align:-0.125em;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto;font-size:inherit;fill:currentColor;overflow:visible;position:relative;"><path d="M459.37 151.716c.325 4.548.325 9.097.325 13.645 0 138.72-105.583 298.558-298.558 298.558-59.452 0-114.68-17.219-161.137-47.106 8.447.974 16.568 1.299 25.34 1.299 49.055 0 94.213-16.568 130.274-44.832-46.132-.975-84.792-31.188-98.112-72.772 6.498.974 12.995 1.624 19.818 1.624 9.421 0 18.843-1.3 27.614-3.573-48.081-9.747-84.143-51.98-84.143-102.985v-1.299c13.969 7.797 30.214 12.67 47.431 13.319-28.264-18.843-46.781-51.005-46.781-87.391 0-19.492 5.197-37.36 14.294-52.954 51.655 63.675 129.3 105.258 216.365 109.807-1.624-7.797-2.599-15.918-2.599-24.04 0-57.828 46.782-104.934 104.934-104.934 30.213 0 57.502 12.67 76.67 33.137 23.715-4.548 46.456-13.32 66.599-25.34-7.798 24.366-24.366 44.833-46.132 57.827 21.117-2.273 41.584-8.122 60.426-16.243-14.292 20.791-32.161 39.308-52.628 54.253z"/></svg>
]

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### Liz Hare, PhD<br>@DogGeneticsLLC <svg aria-hidden="true" role="img" viewBox="0 0 512 512" style="height:1em;width:1em;vertical-align:-0.125em;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto;font-size:inherit;fill:currentColor;overflow:visible;position:relative;"><path d="M459.37 151.716c.325 4.548.325 9.097.325 13.645 0 138.72-105.583 298.558-298.558 298.558-59.452 0-114.68-17.219-161.137-47.106 8.447.974 16.568 1.299 25.34 1.299 49.055 0 94.213-16.568 130.274-44.832-46.132-.975-84.792-31.188-98.112-72.772 6.498.974 12.995 1.624 19.818 1.624 9.421 0 18.843-1.3 27.614-3.573-48.081-9.747-84.143-51.98-84.143-102.985v-1.299c13.969 7.797 30.214 12.67 47.431 13.319-28.264-18.843-46.781-51.005-46.781-87.391 0-19.492 5.197-37.36 14.294-52.954 51.655 63.675 129.3 105.258 216.365 109.807-1.624-7.797-2.599-15.918-2.599-24.04 0-57.828 46.782-104.934 104.934-104.934 30.213 0 57.502 12.67 76.67 33.137 23.715-4.548 46.456-13.32 66.599-25.34-7.798 24.366-24.366 44.833-46.132 57.827 21.117-2.273 41.584-8.122 60.426-16.243-14.292 20.791-32.161 39.308-52.628 54.253z"/></svg>

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exclude: true

# Outline (for internal use)

.pull-left-equal[
* [Title slide](#titleSlide)
* [Who are we?](#hello)
* [Takeaways](#takeaways)
* [Motivation](#motivation)
* [TidyTuesday data collection](#analysisDataCollection)
* [Alt text data collection](#analysisAltText)
* [Findings](#analysisResults)
]

.pull-right-equal[
* [Other places lacking alt-text](#otherPlaces)
* [Things are changing](#shiftingTide)
* [Good alt text](#goodAltText)
* [Learning resources](#learningResources)
* [Goodbye slide](#goodbye)
]

---
layout: true

<a class="footer-link" href="http://bit.ly/TidyTuesday"><strong>bit.ly/TidyTuesday</strong>
&#8226; Silvia Canelón & Liz Hare &#8226; csv,conf,v6</a>

???

---
name: hello
class: middle, center

# Who are we?

.pull-left-equal[

.center[

<img style="border-radius: 50%;" src="https://silvia.rbind.io/authors/silvia/avatar.png" width="230px" alt="Profile of Silvia Canelón"/>

**Silvia Canelón**<br>
Postdoctoral Research Scientist<br>University of Pennsylvania
]]

.pull-right-equal[
.center[

<img style="border-radius: 50%;" src="img/Profile_LH.JPG" width="230px" alt="Profile of Liz Hare"/>

**Liz Hare**<br>
Canine Genetics and Genomics Consultant<br>Dog Genetics, LLC
]]

???

---
name: takeaways
class: middle

# Takeaways

----

* Growth in online learning communities for data science
* TidyTuesday: Weekly social project for data visualization in R
* 3% of the data visualizations shared on Twitter had alternative text
* 84% were described by default as "Image"

???
Why they shouldn't just repeat what's in the title or caption (in some documents, those thext elements will already be accessible, and they are not adequate to understand what the results.

---
name: motivation
class: middle

# Can blind people participate in data viz<br>learning communities?

* Why do blind people need data visualization?
  * Scientific communication
  * [Election maps](https://fossheim.io/writing/posts/accessible-dataviz-us-elections/)
  * [COVID-19 incidence maps & dashboards](https://www.theguardian.com/society/2020/sep/30/visually-impaired-scots-get-sonic-help-with-covid-graphs)
  * [Quorum](https://quorumlanguage.com/evidence.html) or [SAS](https://documentation.sas.com/doc/en/pgmsascdc/9.4_3.5/odsacoutput/n12hxbdrtzec6gn1k913nwfl9o4d.htm) can produce readable charts, but [R](https://cran.r-project.org)/[RStudio]() cannot
* Screen readers provide voice or braille access to computer text, **not images**
* AI image descriptions **cannot adequately describe data viz**
* Can blind people participate in #TidyTuesday?

---
name: TidyTuesday
class: middle

.pull-left-equal[
# What is TidyTuesday?

* [Social project](https://github.com/rfordatascience/tidytuesday) providing a new<br>tidy dataset every week
* Online data viz [R learning community](https://www.rfordatasci.com)
* Opportunity to practice summarizing<br>and visualizing data with [modern tooling](https://www.rfordatasci.com)

]

.pull-right-equal[

<blockquote class="twitter-tweet"><p lang="en" dir="ltr">The <a href="https://twitter.com/R4DScommunity?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw">@R4DScommunity</a> welcomes you to week 19 of <a href="https://twitter.com/hashtag/TidyTuesday?src=hash&amp;ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw">#TidyTuesday</a>! We&#39;re exploring water access points!<br><br>📂 <a href="https://t.co/sElb4fcv3u">https://t.co/sElb4fcv3u</a><br>📰 <a href="https://t.co/feZnKx4KJE">https://t.co/feZnKx4KJE</a><a href="https://twitter.com/hashtag/r4ds?src=hash&amp;ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw">#r4ds</a> <a href="https://twitter.com/hashtag/tidyverse?src=hash&amp;ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw">#tidyverse</a> <a href="https://twitter.com/hashtag/rstats?src=hash&amp;ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw">#rstats</a> <a href="https://twitter.com/hashtag/dataviz?src=hash&amp;ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw">#dataviz</a> <a href="https://t.co/aN6TKtmsjw">pic.twitter.com/aN6TKtmsjw</a></p>&mdash; Tom Mock 💉💉🎉 (@thomas_mock) <a href="https://twitter.com/thomas_mock/status/1389400894224076802?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw">May 4, 2021</a></blockquote> <script async src="https://platform.twitter.com/widgets.js" charset="utf-8"></script>

]

---
name: TidyTuesdayExample
class: middle

.pull-left[
<blockquote class="twitter-tweet"><p lang="en" dir="ltr">Today&#39;s <a href="https://twitter.com/hashtag/TidyTuesday?src=hash&amp;ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw">#TidyTuesday</a>:<br>data on artwork from the <a href="https://twitter.com/Tate?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw">@Tate</a> collection, and specifically aspect ratios over time<br><br>Blue = stat_smooth GAMs (grouped by aspect ratio &gt; 1)<br>Red = golden ratio (±1 + sqrt(5))/2 <a href="https://t.co/PSuBgUp3Ky">pic.twitter.com/PSuBgUp3Ky</a></p>&mdash; Hao Ye (@Hao_and_Y) <a href="https://twitter.com/Hao_and_Y/status/1349055287169331200?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw">January 12, 2021</a></blockquote> <script async src="https://platform.twitter.com/widgets.js" charset="utf-8"></script> 
]

.pull-right[
# What do #TidyTuesday visualization tweets include?

* Verbal description
  * author's interest
  * learning process
  * interpretation of the data
* Link to the author's source code
* Data visualization attached as an image
* Alt-text for the image (rarely)
]

---
name: analysisAltText

# How were the data collected?

.left-column[
Tweets collected & [made available](https://github.com/rfordatascience/tidytuesday) by Tom Mock using [{rtweet}](https://docs.ropensci.org/rtweet/)

----

Alt text scraped by Silvia Canelón using [{RSelenium}](https://docs.ropensci.org/RSelenium/) & available in the [TidyTuesdayAltText](https://github.com/spcanelon/TidyTuesdayAltText) 📦
]

---
name: analysisResultsLine
class: middle

# What did we find?

> ## Over the 3 years of TidyTuesday, there were 7,136 data viz tweets and **only 215 (3%) of them had alt-text**<br>
[Summary of these findings](https://spcanelon.github.io/csvConf2021/TidyTuesdayAltTextDescriptive3.html#Summary-how-many-tidytuesday-posts-have-alt-text)

---
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.my-gray[Participation in TidyTuesday] has increased over time but **use of alt-text is recent and remains low**

<br><br><br><br><br>
The [conversation on Twitter](https://twitter.com/spcanelon/status/1375222124365946881?s=20)
]

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<img src="indexLH_files/figure-html/line-graph-1.png" title="Two line graphs shown on the same chart for comparison. The x axis is time and includes April 2018 through April 2021, and the y axis is the number of tweets per week. One of the line graphs corresponds to all TidyTuesday data viz tweets and over time there has been a gradual trend upwards indicating growing participation in TidyTuesday. This line is a light color and values range from 1 to 115 tweets. The second line graph corresponds to only those TidyTuesday data viz tweets that included alt-text and is a bolder line of a dark color. It ranges from 0 to 28 tweets. There has not been much of a trend upwards over time except very recently, coinciding with Liz and Silvia sharing their preliminary findings on Twitter in anticipation of the CSV Conf 2021 talk. This happened on March 25, 2021 and is annotated with text and an arrow on the plot." alt="Two line graphs shown on the same chart for comparison. The x axis is time and includes April 2018 through April 2021, and the y axis is the number of tweets per week. One of the line graphs corresponds to all TidyTuesday data viz tweets and over time there has been a gradual trend upwards indicating growing participation in TidyTuesday. This line is a light color and values range from 1 to 115 tweets. The second line graph corresponds to only those TidyTuesday data viz tweets that included alt-text and is a bolder line of a dark color. It ranges from 0 to 28 tweets. There has not been much of a trend upwards over time except very recently, coinciding with Liz and Silvia sharing their preliminary findings on Twitter in anticipation of the CSV Conf 2021 talk. This happened on March 25, 2021 and is annotated with text and an arrow on the plot." width="100%" style="display: block; margin: auto auto auto 0;" />
]

---
name: otherPlaces
class: middle

# Where else is alt-text missing?

* R books made available freely online
* R books made available digitally to people with print disabilities by [Bookshare](https://www.bookshare.org/cms/)   
* R package documentation  
* R blogs

----

.right[
This shows up at the individual-level and at the<br> corporate-level (e.g. RStudio R Markdown documentation)
]

---
name: analysisResultsRubric
class: middle

# What makes good alt-text?

### There were 196 data visualization tweets with relevant alt-text
<br>

|   |Alt-text Feature                        |    |
|:--|:---------------------------------------|:---|
|1  |Description conveys meaning in the data |34% |
|2  |Variables included on the axes          |28% |
|3  |Scale described within the description  |12% |
|4  |Type of plot is described               |56% |

---
name: shiftingTide
class: left, middle

# Has the tide started shifting?

----

* Conversations are happening
  * Within R: [useR!2021](https://user2021.r-project.org/participation/accessibility/), [MiR](https://mircommunity.com/about/), [TidyTuesday](https://themockup.blog/posts/2021-04-01-three-years-of-tidytuesday/)
  * More broadly: [Data Visualization Society](https://www.outlierconf.com/), [a11y](https://www.a11yproject.com/) conferences/meetups
* Tooling is slowly receiving updates
  * [New alt text code chunk option](https://blog.rstudio.com/2021/04/20/knitr-fig-alt/) for R Markdown
* Changes are just starting and slow

---
name: learningResources
class: middle

# What can you do?

.pull-left[

* **Make your data visualizations accessible everywhere you can**

* **Add alt-text** to websites, journalism, scientific publishing, social media

* **Find ways to describe your visualizations** in words when<br>alt-text isn't available in your documents or platforms 
]

.pull-right-equal[
Data visualization alt-text resources

*	[Writing alt-text for data visualization](https://medium.com/nightingale/writing-alt-text-for-data-visualization-2a218ef43f81)
* [Chartability Data Viz Audit Workbook](https://chartability.fizz.studio/)
* [a11y Data Viz Accessibility Resources](https://github.com/dataviza11y/resources/blob/main/README.md)

Tools for Twitter

* [How to make images accessible for people](https://help.twitter.com/en/using-twitter/picture-descriptions)
* Show alt-text for tweets: [Firefox](https://addons.mozilla.org/en-US/firefox/addon/alt-or-not/)
* Twitter reminder to add alt-text: [Firefox](https://addons.mozilla.org/en-GB/firefox/addon/twitter-required-alt-text/)
]

---
name: goodbye
class: left, bottom
layout: false

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# Thanks!

[Analysis repo & resources](https://github.com/spcanelon/csvConf2021) <svg aria-hidden="true" role="img" viewBox="0 0 496 512" style="height:1em;width:0.97em;vertical-align:-0.125em;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto;font-size:inherit;fill:currentColor;overflow:visible;position:relative;"><path d="M165.9 397.4c0 2-2.3 3.6-5.2 3.6-3.3.3-5.6-1.3-5.6-3.6 0-2 2.3-3.6 5.2-3.6 3-.3 5.6 1.3 5.6 3.6zm-31.1-4.5c-.7 2 1.3 4.3 4.3 4.9 2.6 1 5.6 0 6.2-2s-1.3-4.3-4.3-5.2c-2.6-.7-5.5.3-6.2 2.3zm44.2-1.7c-2.9.7-4.9 2.6-4.6 4.9.3 2 2.9 3.3 5.9 2.6 2.9-.7 4.9-2.6 4.6-4.6-.3-1.9-3-3.2-5.9-2.9zM244.8 8C106.1 8 0 113.3 0 252c0 110.9 69.8 205.8 169.5 239.2 12.8 2.3 17.3-5.6 17.3-12.1 0-6.2-.3-40.4-.3-61.4 0 0-70 15-84.7-29.8 0 0-11.4-29.1-27.8-36.6 0 0-22.9-15.7 1.6-15.4 0 0 24.9 2 38.6 25.8 21.9 38.6 58.6 27.5 72.9 20.9 2.3-16 8.8-27.1 16-33.7-55.9-6.2-112.3-14.3-112.3-110.5 0-27.5 7.6-41.3 23.6-58.9-2.6-6.5-11.1-33.3 2.6-67.9 20.9-6.5 69 27 69 27 20-5.6 41.5-8.5 62.8-8.5s42.8 2.9 62.8 8.5c0 0 48.1-33.6 69-27 13.7 34.7 5.2 61.4 2.6 67.9 16 17.7 25.8 31.5 25.8 58.9 0 96.5-58.9 104.2-114.8 110.5 9.2 7.9 17 22.9 17 46.4 0 33.7-.3 75.4-.3 83.6 0 6.5 4.6 14.4 17.3 12.1C428.2 457.8 496 362.9 496 252 496 113.3 383.5 8 244.8 8zM97.2 352.9c-1.3 1-1 3.3.7 5.2 1.6 1.6 3.9 2.3 5.2 1 1.3-1 1-3.3-.7-5.2-1.6-1.6-3.9-2.3-5.2-1zm-10.8-8.1c-.7 1.3.3 2.9 2.3 3.9 1.6 1 3.6.7 4.3-.7.7-1.3-.3-2.9-2.3-3.9-2-.6-3.6-.3-4.3.7zm32.4 35.6c-1.6 1.3-1 4.3 1.3 6.2 2.3 2.3 5.2 2.6 6.5 1 1.3-1.3.7-4.3-1.3-6.2-2.2-2.3-5.2-2.6-6.5-1zm-11.4-14.7c-1.6 1-1.6 3.6 0 5.9 1.6 2.3 4.3 3.3 5.6 2.3 1.6-1.3 1.6-3.9 0-6.2-1.4-2.3-4-3.3-5.6-2z"/></svg>

.footnote[
This presentation was made using<br>the [xaringan](https://github.com/yihui/xaringan#xaringan), and   [xaringanExtra](https://github.com/gadenbuie/xaringanExtra#xaringanextra) R packages.
]

]

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.pull-left-equal[
.right[

<img style="border-radius: 50%;" src="https://silvia.rbind.io/authors/silvia/avatar.png" width="170px" alt="Profile of Silvia Canelón"/>

Silvia Canelón, PhD

[<svg aria-hidden="true" role="img" viewBox="0 0 512 512" style="height:1em;width:1em;vertical-align:-0.125em;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto;font-size:inherit;fill:currentColor;overflow:visible;position:relative;"><path d="M326.612 185.391c59.747 59.809 58.927 155.698.36 214.59-.11.12-.24.25-.36.37l-67.2 67.2c-59.27 59.27-155.699 59.262-214.96 0-59.27-59.26-59.27-155.7 0-214.96l37.106-37.106c9.84-9.84 26.786-3.3 27.294 10.606.648 17.722 3.826 35.527 9.69 52.721 1.986 5.822.567 12.262-3.783 16.612l-13.087 13.087c-28.026 28.026-28.905 73.66-1.155 101.96 28.024 28.579 74.086 28.749 102.325.51l67.2-67.19c28.191-28.191 28.073-73.757 0-101.83-3.701-3.694-7.429-6.564-10.341-8.569a16.037 16.037 0 0 1-6.947-12.606c-.396-10.567 3.348-21.456 11.698-29.806l21.054-21.055c5.521-5.521 14.182-6.199 20.584-1.731a152.482 152.482 0 0 1 20.522 17.197zM467.547 44.449c-59.261-59.262-155.69-59.27-214.96 0l-67.2 67.2c-.12.12-.25.25-.36.37-58.566 58.892-59.387 154.781.36 214.59a152.454 152.454 0 0 0 20.521 17.196c6.402 4.468 15.064 3.789 20.584-1.731l21.054-21.055c8.35-8.35 12.094-19.239 11.698-29.806a16.037 16.037 0 0 0-6.947-12.606c-2.912-2.005-6.64-4.875-10.341-8.569-28.073-28.073-28.191-73.639 0-101.83l67.2-67.19c28.239-28.239 74.3-28.069 102.325.51 27.75 28.3 26.872 73.934-1.155 101.96l-13.087 13.087c-4.35 4.35-5.769 10.79-3.783 16.612 5.864 17.194 9.042 34.999 9.69 52.721.509 13.906 17.454 20.446 27.294 10.606l37.106-37.106c59.271-59.259 59.271-155.699.001-214.959z"/></svg> silvia.rbind.io](https://silvia.rbind.io)<br>
[<svg aria-hidden="true" role="img" viewBox="0 0 512 512" style="height:1em;width:1em;vertical-align:-0.125em;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto;font-size:inherit;fill:currentColor;overflow:visible;position:relative;"><path d="M459.37 151.716c.325 4.548.325 9.097.325 13.645 0 138.72-105.583 298.558-298.558 298.558-59.452 0-114.68-17.219-161.137-47.106 8.447.974 16.568 1.299 25.34 1.299 49.055 0 94.213-16.568 130.274-44.832-46.132-.975-84.792-31.188-98.112-72.772 6.498.974 12.995 1.624 19.818 1.624 9.421 0 18.843-1.3 27.614-3.573-48.081-9.747-84.143-51.98-84.143-102.985v-1.299c13.969 7.797 30.214 12.67 47.431 13.319-28.264-18.843-46.781-51.005-46.781-87.391 0-19.492 5.197-37.36 14.294-52.954 51.655 63.675 129.3 105.258 216.365 109.807-1.624-7.797-2.599-15.918-2.599-24.04 0-57.828 46.782-104.934 104.934-104.934 30.213 0 57.502 12.67 76.67 33.137 23.715-4.548 46.456-13.32 66.599-25.34-7.798 24.366-24.366 44.833-46.132 57.827 21.117-2.273 41.584-8.122 60.426-16.243-14.292 20.791-32.161 39.308-52.628 54.253z"/></svg> @spcanelon](https://twitter.com/spcanelon)<br>
[<svg aria-hidden="true" role="img" viewBox="0 0 496 512" style="height:1em;width:0.97em;vertical-align:-0.125em;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto;font-size:inherit;fill:currentColor;overflow:visible;position:relative;"><path d="M165.9 397.4c0 2-2.3 3.6-5.2 3.6-3.3.3-5.6-1.3-5.6-3.6 0-2 2.3-3.6 5.2-3.6 3-.3 5.6 1.3 5.6 3.6zm-31.1-4.5c-.7 2 1.3 4.3 4.3 4.9 2.6 1 5.6 0 6.2-2s-1.3-4.3-4.3-5.2c-2.6-.7-5.5.3-6.2 2.3zm44.2-1.7c-2.9.7-4.9 2.6-4.6 4.9.3 2 2.9 3.3 5.9 2.6 2.9-.7 4.9-2.6 4.6-4.6-.3-1.9-3-3.2-5.9-2.9zM244.8 8C106.1 8 0 113.3 0 252c0 110.9 69.8 205.8 169.5 239.2 12.8 2.3 17.3-5.6 17.3-12.1 0-6.2-.3-40.4-.3-61.4 0 0-70 15-84.7-29.8 0 0-11.4-29.1-27.8-36.6 0 0-22.9-15.7 1.6-15.4 0 0 24.9 2 38.6 25.8 21.9 38.6 58.6 27.5 72.9 20.9 2.3-16 8.8-27.1 16-33.7-55.9-6.2-112.3-14.3-112.3-110.5 0-27.5 7.6-41.3 23.6-58.9-2.6-6.5-11.1-33.3 2.6-67.9 20.9-6.5 69 27 69 27 20-5.6 41.5-8.5 62.8-8.5s42.8 2.9 62.8 8.5c0 0 48.1-33.6 69-27 13.7 34.7 5.2 61.4 2.6 67.9 16 17.7 25.8 31.5 25.8 58.9 0 96.5-58.9 104.2-114.8 110.5 9.2 7.9 17 22.9 17 46.4 0 33.7-.3 75.4-.3 83.6 0 6.5 4.6 14.4 17.3 12.1C428.2 457.8 496 362.9 496 252 496 113.3 383.5 8 244.8 8zM97.2 352.9c-1.3 1-1 3.3.7 5.2 1.6 1.6 3.9 2.3 5.2 1 1.3-1 1-3.3-.7-5.2-1.6-1.6-3.9-2.3-5.2-1zm-10.8-8.1c-.7 1.3.3 2.9 2.3 3.9 1.6 1 3.6.7 4.3-.7.7-1.3-.3-2.9-2.3-3.9-2-.6-3.6-.3-4.3.7zm32.4 35.6c-1.6 1.3-1 4.3 1.3 6.2 2.3 2.3 5.2 2.6 6.5 1 1.3-1.3.7-4.3-1.3-6.2-2.2-2.3-5.2-2.6-6.5-1zm-11.4-14.7c-1.6 1-1.6 3.6 0 5.9 1.6 2.3 4.3 3.3 5.6 2.3 1.6-1.3 1.6-3.9 0-6.2-1.4-2.3-4-3.3-5.6-2z"/></svg> @spcanelon](https://github.com/spcanelon)<br>

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<img style="border-radius: 50%;" src="img/Profile_LH.JPG" width="170px" alt="Profile of Liz Hare"/>

Liz Hare, PhD

[<svg aria-hidden="true" role="img" viewBox="0 0 512 512" style="height:1em;width:1em;vertical-align:-0.125em;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto;font-size:inherit;fill:currentColor;overflow:visible;position:relative;"><path d="M326.612 185.391c59.747 59.809 58.927 155.698.36 214.59-.11.12-.24.25-.36.37l-67.2 67.2c-59.27 59.27-155.699 59.262-214.96 0-59.27-59.26-59.27-155.7 0-214.96l37.106-37.106c9.84-9.84 26.786-3.3 27.294 10.606.648 17.722 3.826 35.527 9.69 52.721 1.986 5.822.567 12.262-3.783 16.612l-13.087 13.087c-28.026 28.026-28.905 73.66-1.155 101.96 28.024 28.579 74.086 28.749 102.325.51l67.2-67.19c28.191-28.191 28.073-73.757 0-101.83-3.701-3.694-7.429-6.564-10.341-8.569a16.037 16.037 0 0 1-6.947-12.606c-.396-10.567 3.348-21.456 11.698-29.806l21.054-21.055c5.521-5.521 14.182-6.199 20.584-1.731a152.482 152.482 0 0 1 20.522 17.197zM467.547 44.449c-59.261-59.262-155.69-59.27-214.96 0l-67.2 67.2c-.12.12-.25.25-.36.37-58.566 58.892-59.387 154.781.36 214.59a152.454 152.454 0 0 0 20.521 17.196c6.402 4.468 15.064 3.789 20.584-1.731l21.054-21.055c8.35-8.35 12.094-19.239 11.698-29.806a16.037 16.037 0 0 0-6.947-12.606c-2.912-2.005-6.64-4.875-10.341-8.569-28.073-28.073-28.191-73.639 0-101.83l67.2-67.19c28.239-28.239 74.3-28.069 102.325.51 27.75 28.3 26.872 73.934-1.155 101.96l-13.087 13.087c-4.35 4.35-5.769 10.79-3.783 16.612 5.864 17.194 9.042 34.999 9.69 52.721.509 13.906 17.454 20.446 27.294 10.606l37.106-37.106c59.271-59.259 59.271-155.699.001-214.959z"/></svg> doggenetics.com](http://doggenetics.com/)<br>
[<svg aria-hidden="true" role="img" viewBox="0 0 512 512" style="height:1em;width:1em;vertical-align:-0.125em;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto;font-size:inherit;fill:currentColor;overflow:visible;position:relative;"><path d="M459.37 151.716c.325 4.548.325 9.097.325 13.645 0 138.72-105.583 298.558-298.558 298.558-59.452 0-114.68-17.219-161.137-47.106 8.447.974 16.568 1.299 25.34 1.299 49.055 0 94.213-16.568 130.274-44.832-46.132-.975-84.792-31.188-98.112-72.772 6.498.974 12.995 1.624 19.818 1.624 9.421 0 18.843-1.3 27.614-3.573-48.081-9.747-84.143-51.98-84.143-102.985v-1.299c13.969 7.797 30.214 12.67 47.431 13.319-28.264-18.843-46.781-51.005-46.781-87.391 0-19.492 5.197-37.36 14.294-52.954 51.655 63.675 129.3 105.258 216.365 109.807-1.624-7.797-2.599-15.918-2.599-24.04 0-57.828 46.782-104.934 104.934-104.934 30.213 0 57.502 12.67 76.67 33.137 23.715-4.548 46.456-13.32 66.599-25.34-7.798 24.366-24.366 44.833-46.132 57.827 21.117-2.273 41.584-8.122 60.426-16.243-14.292 20.791-32.161 39.308-52.628 54.253z"/></svg> @DogGeneticsLLC](https://twitter.com/DogGeneticsLLC)<br>
[<svg aria-hidden="true" role="img" viewBox="0 0 496 512" style="height:1em;width:0.97em;vertical-align:-0.125em;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto;font-size:inherit;fill:currentColor;overflow:visible;position:relative;"><path d="M165.9 397.4c0 2-2.3 3.6-5.2 3.6-3.3.3-5.6-1.3-5.6-3.6 0-2 2.3-3.6 5.2-3.6 3-.3 5.6 1.3 5.6 3.6zm-31.1-4.5c-.7 2 1.3 4.3 4.3 4.9 2.6 1 5.6 0 6.2-2s-1.3-4.3-4.3-5.2c-2.6-.7-5.5.3-6.2 2.3zm44.2-1.7c-2.9.7-4.9 2.6-4.6 4.9.3 2 2.9 3.3 5.9 2.6 2.9-.7 4.9-2.6 4.6-4.6-.3-1.9-3-3.2-5.9-2.9zM244.8 8C106.1 8 0 113.3 0 252c0 110.9 69.8 205.8 169.5 239.2 12.8 2.3 17.3-5.6 17.3-12.1 0-6.2-.3-40.4-.3-61.4 0 0-70 15-84.7-29.8 0 0-11.4-29.1-27.8-36.6 0 0-22.9-15.7 1.6-15.4 0 0 24.9 2 38.6 25.8 21.9 38.6 58.6 27.5 72.9 20.9 2.3-16 8.8-27.1 16-33.7-55.9-6.2-112.3-14.3-112.3-110.5 0-27.5 7.6-41.3 23.6-58.9-2.6-6.5-11.1-33.3 2.6-67.9 20.9-6.5 69 27 69 27 20-5.6 41.5-8.5 62.8-8.5s42.8 2.9 62.8 8.5c0 0 48.1-33.6 69-27 13.7 34.7 5.2 61.4 2.6 67.9 16 17.7 25.8 31.5 25.8 58.9 0 96.5-58.9 104.2-114.8 110.5 9.2 7.9 17 22.9 17 46.4 0 33.7-.3 75.4-.3 83.6 0 6.5 4.6 14.4 17.3 12.1C428.2 457.8 496 362.9 496 252 496 113.3 383.5 8 244.8 8zM97.2 352.9c-1.3 1-1 3.3.7 5.2 1.6 1.6 3.9 2.3 5.2 1 1.3-1 1-3.3-.7-5.2-1.6-1.6-3.9-2.3-5.2-1zm-10.8-8.1c-.7 1.3.3 2.9 2.3 3.9 1.6 1 3.6.7 4.3-.7.7-1.3-.3-2.9-2.3-3.9-2-.6-3.6-.3-4.3.7zm32.4 35.6c-1.6 1.3-1 4.3 1.3 6.2 2.3 2.3 5.2 2.6 6.5 1 1.3-1.3.7-4.3-1.3-6.2-2.2-2.3-5.2-2.6-6.5-1zm-11.4-14.7c-1.6 1-1.6 3.6 0 5.9 1.6 2.3 4.3 3.3 5.6 2.3 1.6-1.3 1.6-3.9 0-6.2-1.4-2.3-4-3.3-5.6-2z"/></svg> @LizHareDogs](https://github.com/LizHareDogs)<br>
[<svg aria-hidden="true" role="img" viewBox="0 0 512 512" style="height:1em;width:1em;vertical-align:-0.125em;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto;font-size:inherit;fill:currentColor;overflow:visible;position:relative;"><path d="M502.3 190.8c3.9-3.1 9.7-.2 9.7 4.7V400c0 26.5-21.5 48-48 48H48c-26.5 0-48-21.5-48-48V195.6c0-5 5.7-7.8 9.7-4.7 22.4 17.4 52.1 39.5 154.1 113.6 21.1 15.4 56.7 47.8 92.2 47.6 35.7.3 72-32.8 92.3-47.6 102-74.1 131.6-96.3 154-113.7zM256 320c23.2.4 56.6-29.2 73.4-41.4 132.7-96.3 142.8-104.7 173.4-128.7 5.8-4.5 9.2-11.5 9.2-18.9v-19c0-26.5-21.5-48-48-48H48C21.5 64 0 85.5 0 112v19c0 7.4 3.4 14.3 9.2 18.9 30.6 23.9 40.7 32.4 173.4 128.7 16.8 12.2 50.2 41.8 73.4 41.4z"/></svg> LizHare@DogGenetics.com](mailto:LizHare@DogGenetics.com)
]]
]